{"id":4950,"date":"2024-04-08T11:41:11","date_gmt":"2024-04-08T03:41:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.xinyixx.com\/?p=4950"},"modified":"2025-08-21T08:36:04","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T00:36:04","slug":"ospf-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xinyixx.com\/index.php\/2024\/04\/08\/ospf-2\/","title":{"rendered":"OSPF\u8981\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>OSPF\uff08\u534f\u8bae\u53f789\uff09:&nbsp;<\/strong>\u5185\u90e810 \u5916\u90e8150<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740\uff1a224.0.0.5\uff08\u6240\u6709\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4f1a\u63a5\u6536\uff09 224.0.0.6\uff08DR\u548cBDR\u4f1a\u63a5\u6536\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>loopback\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5e26\u5bbd\u7684 \u6240\u4ee5\u5728ospf\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5f00\u9500<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">OSPF<strong>\u4e94\u79cd\u62a5\u6587\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hello:&nbsp;<\/strong>\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u73b0\u8def\u7531\u5668\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u90bb\u5c45\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d1\u9001\u65f6\u95f4\u662f10s\u4e00\u6b21\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Database Description:<\/strong>&nbsp;\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001LSDB\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6458\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u786e\u5b9a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e3b\u4ece\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Link State Request:&nbsp;<\/strong>\u7528\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u6240\u9700\u7684LSA<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Link State Update:&nbsp;<\/strong>\u7528\u4e8e\u56de\u590dLSR\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684LSA\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f53\u8def\u7531\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u53d1\u9001LSU<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Link State Ack:&nbsp;<\/strong>\u786e\u8ba4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DR\u548cBDR(\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u62a2\u5360)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DR\u9009\u4e3e\u9996\u5148\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a1\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8303\u56f4\u662f0-255\uff0c\u518d\u770bRouter ID,\u5927\u7684\u4e3aDR\uff08\u82e5\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e3a0\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0eDR\u548cBDR\u9009\u4e3e\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u518d\u770b\u7269\u7406\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u5148<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>OSPF\u4e03\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Down\uff1a \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ece\u90bb\u5c45\u6536\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u6d88\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lint \uff1a \u4ece\u90bb\u5c45\u6536\u5230hello\u62a5\u6587\u3002\u4f46\u81ea\u5df1\u7684router-id\u4e0d\u5728\u6240\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2-way\uff1a \u4ece\u90bb\u5c45\u6536\u5230hello\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684router-id\u5b58\u5728hello\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u90bb\u5c45\u5217\u8868\u4e2dDR\u9009\u4e3e\uff08MA\u7f51\u7edc\uff0cBMA NBMA\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>EXstart\uff1a \u8def\u7531\u5668\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u90bb\u5c45\u53d1\u9001DD\u62a5\u6587\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u6458\u8981\u62a5\u6587\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\uff0cM\u540e\u9762\u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u62a5\u6587\uff0cMS\u6211\u662fmaster Router-id\u5927\u7684\u4e3amaster<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exchange\uff1a \u53d1\u9001\u5305\u542b\u6458\u8981\u6d88\u606f\u7684DD\u62a5\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Loading\uff1a \u76f8\u4e92\u53d1\u9001LSR,LSU,LSAck\u62a5\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Full\uff1a \u8def\u7531\u5668\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u90bb\u5c45\u7684LSDB\u540c\u6b65<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">OSPF\u7f51\u7edc\u7c7b\u578b:&nbsp;<strong>\u90bb\u5c45\u5931\u6548\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u56db\u500d<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P2P<\/strong>: \u5f53\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u4e3aPPP\u534f\u8bae\u6216\u8005HDLC\u534f\u8bae\uff0cOSPF\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662fP2P\u7f51\u7edc<strong>\uff08hello\u62a5\u6587\u9ed8\u8ba410s\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u6b21\uff09\uff08\u4e0d\u9009\u4e3eDR\u548cBDR\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BMA<\/strong>&nbsp;: \u5f53\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662fBMA\u7f51\u7edc<strong>\uff08hello\u62a5\u6587\u9ed8\u8ba410s\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u6b21\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>NBMA<\/strong>\uff1a FR\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7<strong>\uff08hello\u62a5\u6587\u9ed8\u8ba430s\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u6b21 \uff09\u6ce8\uff1a\u8be5\u7f51\u7edc\u7c7b\u578b\u9700\u8981\u624b\u5de5\u6307\u5b9a\u90bb\u5c45\uff08\u5728[Huawei-ospf-1]\u89c6\u56fe\u4e0bpeer 192.168.1.1\u8be5\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u5bf9\u7aef\u63a5\u53e3IP\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P2MP<\/strong>\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u88ab\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662fP2MP\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u624b\u5de5\u66f4\u6539\u7684<strong>\uff08hello\u62a5\u6587\u9ed8\u8ba430s\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u6b21 \uff09\uff08\u4e0d\u9009\u4e3eDR\u548cBDR\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u91cd\u542fospf\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1areset ospf 1 process<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u66f4\u6539\u7f51\u7edc\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u63a5\u53e3\u89c6\u56fe-ospf<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>network-type<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e24\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4ospf\u7f51\u7edc\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u90bb\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0d\u5230\u8def\u7531\uff01<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ospf lsa\u516d\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e00\u7c7bRouter LSA<\/strong>&nbsp;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u8be5LSA\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u63a5\u53e3\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u533a\u57df\u5185\u6cdb\u6d2a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/80\/v2-23fbf116e3df3ca66e1b3536c2b22ce5_720w.webp\" alt><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" alt data-src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/80\/v2-23fbf116e3df3ca66e1b3536c2b22ce5_720w.webp\" class=\" lazyload\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e8c\u7c7bNetwork LSA<\/strong>&nbsp;\u7531DR\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u8be5DR\u6240\u63a5\u5165\u7684MA\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5f62\u6210\u90bb\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caDR\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u8be5LSA\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u63a5\u53e3\u6240\u5c5e\u533a\u57df\u5185\u6cdb\u6d2a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e09\u7c7bNetwork Summary LSA<\/strong>&nbsp;\u7531ABR\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u533a\u57df\u5185\u67d0\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u8be5\u7c7bLSA\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u533a\u57df\u95f4\u8def\u7531\u7684\u4f20\u9012<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56db\u7c7bASBR Summary LSA<\/strong>&nbsp;\u7531ABR\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u5230ASBR\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u901a\u544a\u7ed9\u9664ASBR\u6240\u5728\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u533a\u57df<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e94\u7c7bAS External LSA<\/strong>&nbsp;\u7531ASBD\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u5230\u8fbeOSPF\u57df\u5916\u7684\u8def\u7531<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Forwarding Address\u8f6c\u53d1\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u907f\u514d\u6b21\u4f18\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>FA\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u4e3a0\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a1\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7c7b\u578b\u662fMA\u7f51\u7edc\uff08broadcast\uff0cNBMA\uff092\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u542f\u7528\u4e86OSPF 3\u63a5\u53e3\u672a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u6291\u5236\u63a5\u53e3silent-interface<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e03\u7c7b\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u672b\u68a2\u533a\u57dfLSA&nbsp;<\/strong>\u7531ASBR\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u5230\u8fbeOSPF\u57df\u5916\u7684\u8def\u7531\u3002NSSA LSA\u4e0eAS\u5916\u90e8LSA\u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6cdb\u6d2a\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u540c\u3002NSSA LSA\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u59cb\u53d1\u7684NSSA\u5185\u6cdb\u6d2a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u53bbarea0.NSSA\u7684ABR\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e03\u7c7bLSA\u8f6c\u6362\u62105\u7c7bLSA\u6ce8\u5165\u5230area0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7279\u6b8a\u533a\u57df<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Stub<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>\u4e0d\u5f15\u5165\u56db\u7c7b\u53ca\u4e94\u7c7b\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5916\u90e8\u8def\u7531\u7684\u5f15\u5165\uff08ospf-area\u89c6\u56fe\u4e0bstub\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Totally-stub<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>\u4e0d\u5f15\u5165\u4e09\u7c7b\u660e\u7ec6\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u4e09\u7c7b\u7f3a\u7701\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6709stub\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u7279\u6027\uff08ospf-area\u89c6\u56fe\u4e0bstub<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>no-summary\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nssa<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>\u4e0d\u5f15\u5165\u56db\u7c7b\u53ca\u4e94\u7c7b\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5916\u90e8\u8def\u7531\u5f15\u5165\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6709\u4e03\u7c7b\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4f46\u4e03\u7c7b\u8def\u7531\u8981\u4f20\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u533a\u57df\u4f1a\u8ba9abr\u8bbe\u5907\u5c06\u4e03\u7c7b\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u4e94\u7c7b\u8def\u7531\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u9012\uff08ospf-area\u89c6\u56fe\u4e0bnssa\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Totally-nssa<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>\u4e0d\u5f15\u5165\u4e09\u7c7b\u660e\u7ec6\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u4e09\u7c7b\u7f3a\u7701\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6709nssa\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u7279\u6027\uff08ospf-area\u89c6\u56fe\u4e0bnssa<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>no-summary\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>import-route direct type 1 cost 1\u4f1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5916\u90e8\u8def\u7531type2 type2\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4f1a\u5c06\u5185\u90e8\u5f00\u9500\u770b\u4f5c\u4e3a0\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5176\u66f4\u6539\u4e3atype1\u7684<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>OSPF\u90bb\u5c45\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0d\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>hello dead \u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\u8981\u4e00\u81f4 10 30\uff08BMA\uff0cp2p\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f51\u7edc\u7c7b\u578b\u8981\u76f8\u540c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u533a\u57df\u53f7area\u8981\u4e00\u81f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\u8981\u76f8\u540c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Router-id \u8981\u4e0d\u540c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MTU\u8981\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u5f00\u542f ospf 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